what causes a flood

People and experts are recognizing that flooding is a serious concern right now. Natural World Disaster © All rights reserved. Florence dropped nearly 36 inches of rain in Elizabethtown, North Carolina, and led to widespread flooding throughout the Carolinas. Whenever flooding takes place, there is the possibility of loss of life, hardship to people, and extensive damage to property. There are several factors that can cause floods. Your flood emergency kit should include food, water, and medicine. Mountains or steep hills can increase an area’s flood risk, too. moves quickly and takes people away or fully covers them. For example, areas near rivers are often at risk for floods. They are: Excessive rain from tropical storm systems making landfall, Persistent thunderstorms over the same area for extended periods. Floods and flash floods happen whenever water overflows onto normally dry land. Another terrible flooding event happened on the Mississippi in 1993 when waters remained at flood stages for 81 consecutive days. In Dams when the carrying capacity is exceeded and causing the water to burst may also cause floods and flood caused by the river overflow will sweep everything in its path. Copyright 2020 Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Media, All Rights Reserved. To better answer the question of “What is a flood?” we’ll answer what each specific type of flooding event is. Tropical cyclones can produce huge amounts of rain, causing flooding and flash flooding once the storm reaches land. The rate of water passing is the discharge of a stream. Due to continued Rainfall and highly saturated soil, water runoff to the streams and the amount drastically increased.. into stress and depression. A Flash Flood Warning means a flash flood is imminent or occurring. Hurricane Harvey is an example of a hurricane that caused a lot of flooding along the Gulf, especially in Houston, Texas. Her work has been published by the "Manchester Evening News" and "Q Magazine." Floods can occur very suddenly. When there is more rain than the soil can absorb, the excess water quickly runs into rivers and creeks, overwhelming storm drains and ditches and causing a flash flood. A coastal flood is the inundation of normally dry land areas along the coast with seawater. The National Weather Service also issued a Flood … One often-overlooked deadly effect of flooding comes from waterborne illnesses. Sonia Madaan is a writer and founding editor of science education blog EarthEclipse. It only takes six inches of water to wash a person away. Areas that Flood caused by river overflow has the potential of sweeping everything in its path downstream. The next type of flood you should know about is a coastal flood. A floodis an overflow of water that submerges land that is usually dry. Required fields are marked *. Dams are man-made structures used to hold water from flowing down from a raised ground. The cause of flooding also varies by geographical location. It can also cause flooding very quickly. The water came crashing down on the town with the force of Niagara Falls. Floods can happen almost anywhere. It can happen with steady rainfall over several days or it can happen because of a short and intense period of rainfall. In the coastal areas, strong and massive winds and hurricanes drive water onto the dry coastal lands and give rise to flooding. Information from GOES-R and the NOAA-NASA Suomi NPP satellite can be used to create “flood maps.” These maps help officials quickly determine where to send help and resources during a flood. The Flash Flood Warning expired at 9:45 a.m. for Cuyahoga County. Unfortunately, some of the worst flooding events in history didn’t happen so long ago. The European Union (EU) Floods Directive defines a flood as a covering by water of land not normally covered by water. The buildings, windows, and doors are under threat. Flooding is experienced all over the globe and for a variety of reasons - Both man made and natural. The Rapid City flood of 1972 killed 238 people and caused over $165 million in damages when flash flooding happened at night while most people were asleep. Unusually heavy weather at the source of a river can lead to vast amounts of water draining into the water table. Sudden river flooding events occur more often on smaller rivers, rivers with steep valleys, rivers that flow for much of their length over impermeable terrain, and normally dry channels. Coastal flooding is typically a result of a combination of sea tidal surges, high winds, and barometric pressure. The main causes of flooding are heavy rains, tsunamis, melting snow and ice, and destroyed dams. Riverine floods are a real threat to human populations located near rivers where flat terrain provides floodwater with an unobstructed path. A lack of vegetation can cause flooding. You should pack a supply of these items that will last each person three days.

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