Try refreshing the page, or contact customer support. Those missiles were later removed, but Cuba continued to receive aid from the Soviet Union. Instead, it was called the “Yankee Colossus of the North,” the bad boy of the Western World, who grabbed territory from its weaker neighbors and followed a policy of “dollar diplomacy.”. The Good Neighbor Policy, issued in 1933, reversed the U.S. approach of military intervention in Latin American affairs that had taken shape during the mid-nineteenth century. The Good Neighbor Policy: History and Impact. To our Latin-American neighbors this meant we were sharpening our ax for them. We were busy expanding westward, fighting a Civil War, and in general becoming a nation. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. No matter how grave the provocation, or how pure our motives, the policy of intervention in the affairs of our neighbors had undoubtedly made us more enemies than friends. It resulted in freer trade between the U.S. and Latin America and brought Latin American countries over to the side of the Allies during World War II. He firmly believed in the essential unity of the Americas and foretold with prophetic insight some present-day events. Support trade policies that lift people out of poverty and protect the environment. The Good Neighbor Policy succeeded on both of these counts. Even the more distant South Americans whose affairs had not been directly affected by our interventions in the Caribbean area became suspicious of us. In 1934, the Good Neighbor Policy led to the ratification of the U.S. Treaty of Relations with Cuba. Early concrete effects of the Good Neighbor Policy included the removal of U.S. Marines from Nicaragua in 1933 and from Haiti in 1934. first two years of college and save thousands off your degree. So the Good Neighbor Policy aimed to wean those countries away from their economic and diplomatic links with the Axis Powers and bring them into the orbit of the U.S. and the Allied Powers during World War II. In the first decade of the twentieth century, Presidents Theodore Roosevelt and William Taft made it U.S. policy to militarily intervene in various Latin American countries in order to provide favorable conditions for the operation of American businesses. But as the presence of Americans of Latin American descent grew, their influence culturally and politically helped to strengthen the bonds with those countries. First, during the Great Depression of the 1930s, the U.S. needed new economic relationships with major Latin American countries. This was our war against Mexico in 1846–48 as a result of which we took half its territory as spoils. To learn more, visit our Earning Credit Page. In a more recent version of the Good Neighbor Policy, the world's largest free trade area was created when the United States, Canada and Mexico launched the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). With the dawning of the Cold War in the late 1940s, however, the U.S. renounced the principles of the Good Neighbor Policy and ushered in long period of contentious relations with Latin America, which lasted through the 1980s. The United States renounced its right to unilaterally intervene in the internal affairs of other nations at the Montevideo Conference (December 1933); the Platt Amendment, which sanctioned U.S. intervention in Cuba, was abrogated (1934); and the U.S. Marines were withdrawn from Haiti (August 1934). There was much talk all over Latin America of a solid block of nations to combat the “growing menace of North American imperialism.”, The Spanish-American War had stimulated a strong current of pro-Spanish sentiment. President Roosevelt gave the policy its name in March 1933, when he stated in his first inaugural address: “In the field of world policy, I would dedicate this Nation to the policy of the good neighbor—the neighbor who resolutely respects himself and, because he does so, respects the rights of others—the neighbor who respects his obligations and respects the sanctity of agreements in and with a world of neighbors. As a result, many Latin Americans had grown increasingly hostile toward the United States and its so-called “gunboat diplomacy” by the time President Roosevelt took office in 1933. This shift in twentieth-century U.S. policy towards Latin America began with the Good Neighbor Policy. As one Spanish American writer put it: “We saw in the triumph of Yankeeland the victory of the strong over the weak, of the lusty barbarian over the delicate and exquisite being.”. The Clark Memorandum did not, however, repudiate the right to intervention itself. One of the most important is being a part of a community and adopting certain pro-neighbor attitudes and behaviors – along the lines of “Love thy neighbor as thy self”. Always try to do what is right and fair by treating others as you would expect to be treated yourself. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). U.S. troops had occupied Cuba since 1898 during the Spanish-American War. The new policy had two rationales. One reason Latin American nations avoided an overly close association with fascism was a desire not to offend the dominant power of the hemisphere, the United States. In other efforts, Hull convened the Seventh Montevideo-Pan-American Conference in 1933 in Uruguay, where he committed to a policy of non-intervention into the affairs of Latin American countries. Far from becoming “good neighbors,” Castro’s Cuba and the United States remained sworn enemies throughout the Cold War. Henry Clay, the fiery statesman from Kentucky, tried unsuccessfully to persuade Congress to help the Latin-American patriots in their revolts against Spain during the years 1810–26. After the war, however, U.S. anticommunist policies in Europe and Asia led to renewed distrust in the Americas and the gradual lapse of the Good Neighbor Policy. Corrections? It agreed not to contract debts which it could not pay back out of ordinary income. Before we try to see whether the Good Neighbor policy is a success or not, we should know what it is. Some Europeans, who also feared the growing power and influence of the United States in Latin America, ostentatiously offered sympathy and helped to keep the resentment in Latin America alive. They looked to Europe, as did we, for commerce and culture. The post-World War II Cold War ended the Good Neighbor era, as the United States sought to prevent Soviet-style communism from spreading to the Western Hemisphere. Good Neighbor Policy, popular name for the Latin American policy pursued by the administration of the U.S. president Franklin D. Roosevelt. The Good Neighbor Policy was a name given to United States foreign policy towards Latin America during the administration of President Franklin D. Roosevelt.. Select a subject to preview related courses: Economically, the policy paid off, ultimately helping the U.S. recover from the Great Depression. (1945). During the Cold War (1946-1989), the threat of Communist infiltration into poverty-striken neighbors to the south caused the United States to once again intervene. The Good Neighbor Policy phrase was coined by President Herbert Hoover, not President Franklin Roosevelt.Hoover was on a goodwill trip to Latin America soon after his election in 1928 when he gave a speech in Honduras announcing, "We have a desire to maintain not only the cordial relations of governments with each other, but also the relations of good neighbors." Create your account. In 1934 at Roosevelts direction the 1903 treaty with Cuba (based on the Platt amendment) that gave the United States the right to intervene to preserve internal stability or independence was abrogated. But lest Spain take offense, the United States did not recognize the new governments until it was clearly established that they were in fact independent. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. As leader of the free world, the United States admittedly has its ups and downs with other countries. In many cases, the methods of curbing communism conflicted with the Good Neighbor Policy’s principle of non-intervention, leading to a period of renewed U.S. involvement in Latin American affairs. Definition and Historical Perspective, What Is Latin America? We now realize as we have never realized before our interdependence on each other; that we cannot merely take, but must give as well.”, This policy rests, then, on the simple principles that nations should not intervene in the affairs of other nations and that their relations should be to the benefit of both. With Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan pursuing a belligerent and militarized foreign policy by the mid- to late-1930s, U.S. officials looked to protect North and South America from a potential invasion. The Good Neighbor Policy phrase was coined by President Herbert Hoover, not President Franklin Roosevelt. In President Franklin D. Roosevelt's inaugural speech in March of that year, he spoke of 'the policy of the good neighbor' in international relations. In 1933, the U.S. abandoned an aggressive and militaristic foreign policy approach to Latin America. While the U.S. government had helped found the OAS, its focus under President Harry Truman had shifted to rebuilding Europe and Japan instead of maintaining the Good Neighbor Policy’s relations with Latin America.
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